IOT BASED TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY MONITORING SYSTEM
November 20th, 2023
Prepared by:
1) THASYAPRIYA A/P SIVAKUMAR
(212011501)
2) HAARESWARAN A/L SUNDARAMOORTHI (212010891)
3) KOGGILA A/P DHURAIRAJU (212011458)
4) ELYSHA A/P ROBERT MUTHU (212011446)
5) KRIS YOGESH A/L SARANGAPANY (212010909)
6) KUNEGA SHIRI SABAPATHY (212011460)
INTRODUCTION
The Internet of Things (IoT) has evolved as a
disruptive technology in recent years, revolutionizing how we connect,
interact, and acquire
data from the world around us. The creation
of smart systems for monitoring and managing environmental conditions is one of
the practical uses of IoT. Temperature and humidity are important environmental
factors in many industries, including agriculture, healthcare, manufacturing,
and others. These characteristics must be monitored and controlled to ensure product
quality, optimize processes, and maintain the health of live organisms. Traditional monitoring
systems frequently lack real-time data availability and necessitate manual
intervention. These constraints are addressed by IoT-based technologies that
provide continuous, remote monitoring and control.
Temperature and humidity
are critical factors influencing a myriad of processes across industries such
as agriculture, healthcare, manufacturing, and logistics. Traditional
monitoring systems often lack the agility to provide instant insights and
require physical presence for data retrieval.
The IoT-based Temperature and
Humidity Monitoring System project aim to overcome these limitations by harnessing the
power of IoT to
deliver continuous, real-time monitoring with the added advantage of
remote accessibility.
Aside from that,
monitoring systems assist organizations in proactively addressing problems by providing
early warnings of prospective issues,
lowering the chance
of product loss, equipment
damage, or process breakdowns. The ability to remotely monitor
temperature and humidity
is very useful for organizations with dispersed locations. It enables centralized control and rapid response
to problems regardless of location. Finally, temperature and humidity
monitoring systems are critical tools in businesses where environmental conditions have a substantial impact on processes and products. These monitoring
systems contribute to improved quality, efficiency, and overall operational
resilience by employing advanced sensor technologies and communication systems.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
The problem statement is the lack of an efficient and accurate temperature and humidity monitoring system in various environments. Traditional methods of monitoring these parameters are often manual and time-consuming, leading to delays in detecting and addressing potential issues. Additionally, these methods may not provide real-time data, making it difficult to make informed decisions and take timely actions.
Furthermore, existing monitoring systems may not be able to cover a wide range of environments, such as industrial settings, agricultural fields, or homes, due to limitations in connectivity, scalability, and adaptability. This lack of coverage hinders the ability to ensure optimal conditions for various processes, operations, and living environments.
Therefore, there is a need for an IoT-based temperature and humidity monitoring system that can provide real-time and accurate data across various environments. This system should be capable of collecting and transmitting data wirelessly, analyzing and processing it in real-time, and presenting it in a user-friendly and accessible manner. Additionally, it should be scalable, adaptable, and cost-effective to ensure widespread implementation and usage.
Overall, the problem is the
absence of an efficient, accurate, and versatile IoT-based temperature and
humidity monitoring system that can cater to a wide range of environments,
leading to suboptimal conditions, potential risks, and inefficiencies in various
processes and operations.
The objective of this project is as follows:
1)To develop a system capable of continuously monitoring
temperature and humidity levels in real-time. Instantaneous alerts will be
generated when the conditions deviate from predefined thresholds, ensuring
swift responses to critical situations.
2) Enable users to access and control the monitoring system
remotely through a user-friendly interface.
3) The system will store historical data in a cloud-based platform, facilitating in-depth analysis
and reporting. Data analytics tools will offer insights into trends and
patterns, aiding in decision- making, process optimization, and the development
of predictive maintenance strategies.
LITERATURE REVIEW
loT-based
temperature and humidity monitoring system for smart garden
The
convergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) with agriculture has given rise to
innovative solutions for precision farming, particularly in the context of
smart gardens. This literature review explores the existing research on
IoT-based temperature and humidity monitoring systems designed to enhance the
cultivation of plants in smart garden environments.IoT-enabled smart gardens
heavily rely on sensor technologies to gather real-time data on environmental
conditions. Studies by Yanshori, Nugraha, and Santi [2022] emphasize the use of
sensors such as temperature and humidity sensors for accurate monitoring of the
growing environment. The choice of sensors plays a crucial role in ensuring the
precision of data collected. Efficient communication protocols are paramount
for transmitting sensor data from the garden to a central system. Yanshori,
Nugraha, and Santi highlight the use of IoT communication protocols such as
MQTT, CoAP, or HTTP to establish seamless connectivity between sensors and the
central monitoring unit. These protocols enable the timely transmission of
crucial data for analysis. To enable comprehensive monitoring and control, the
integration of IoT platforms is essential. Research by Yanshori, Nugraha, and
Santi [2022] may elaborate on how popular IoT platforms such as ThingSpeak or
Blynk are utilized to manage and visualize the collected temperature and
humidity data. Integration with these platforms often provides users with a
user-friendly interface for real-time monitoring. Given that smart gardens
often operate in resource-limited environments, energy-efficient solutions are
crucial. Literature suggests that advancements in low-power sensor designs and
energy harvesting techniques contribute to prolonged system operation without
heavy reliance on external power sources. The collected temperature and
humidity data serve as valuable inputs for data analytics. Yanshori, Nugraha,
and Santi [2022] may discuss how data analytics tools and algorithms are
employed to derive meaningful insights. Decision support systems may be
integrated to automate responses based on the analyzed data, facilitating
optimized plant growth conditions. While IoT-based smart gardens offer
promising solutions, challenges such as scalability, standardization, and
cybersecurity persist. Future research directions could include exploring
machine learning techniques for predictive analysis, addressing
interoperability issues, and enhancing the security of these systems in smart
agriculture contexts. In conclusion, the literature reviewed suggests that
IoT-based temperature and humidity monitoring systems are pivotal for the
success of smart gardens. The integration of sensor technologies, efficient
communication protocols, and data analytics tools contributes to creating an intelligent
and responsive environment for plant cultivation in smart agriculture
applications.
Prototype
System of Temperature and Humadity Automatic in Oyster Mushroom Cultivation
using Arduino Uno.
Oyster mushroom cultivation is a critical aspect of modern agriculture, and the integration of automation through technologies like Arduino Uno offers promising opportunities for improved yield and resource efficiency. This literature review explores the existing research on the prototype system of temperature and humidity automation in oyster mushroom cultivation. Sensor technologies play a pivotal role in automating environmental conditions for optimal mushroom growth. Taufik Akbar, Indra Gunawan, and Satria Utama [2020] highlight the use of sensors, particularly temperature and humidity sensors, to monitor and control the growing environment. The choice of sensors is crucial for ensuring precision and reliability in data collection. Arduino Uno serves as the central control hub in the prototype system, facilitating the integration of various sensors and actuators. The study by Taufik Akbar, Indra Gunawan, and Satria Utama may discuss how Arduino Uno is programmed to process data from the sensors and implement automated adjustments in response to the observed conditions. Efficient automation in mushroom cultivation relies on sophisticated control algorithms. Literature may detail the algorithms implemented in the prototype system, outlining how the system regulates temperature and humidity levels. The utilization of feedback loops and decision-making processes for environmental adjustments would be crucial components discussed in the study. The prototype system's sustainability and energy efficiency are crucial considerations. Research may explore how the system optimizes energy consumption, potentially incorporating low-power sensor designs or energy harvesting techniques to enhance the system's environmental impact. An essential aspect of the prototype system is its ability to log and analyze data for continuous improvement. Taufik Akbar, Indra Gunawan, and Satria Utama [2020] may delve into how the system stores data over time, enabling growers to analyze trends, identify patterns, and make informed decisions for enhancing mushroom cultivation practices. Literature may discuss the challenges encountered during the development and implementation of the prototype system. Insights into lessons learned and recommendations for overcoming hurdles provide valuable information for researchers and practitioners looking to implement similar systems in mushroom cultivation. In conclusion, the literature suggests that the prototype system of temperature and humidity automation in oyster mushroom cultivation using Arduino Uno offers a promising avenue for modernizing and optimizing mushroom farming practices. The integration of sensor technologies, control algorithms, and energy-efficient solutions contributes to creating a smart and responsive cultivation environment.
IoT-Based
Temperature and Humidity Control in a Refrigerator using Arduino Uno
Refrigeration
systems play a pivotal role in preserving the freshness and quality of
perishable goods. This literature review explores research conducted by M.K. I.
Noraziz, E. M. M. Yusof, and N. Yahya [2021] on an innovative approach to
refrigerator control through IoT technology, specifically utilizing the Arduino
Uno platform. The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) into
refrigeration systems has gained attention for its potential to enhance
efficiency and enable remote monitoring and control. The study by Noraziz et
al. [2021] likely details how IoT technologies, coupled with Arduino Uno, are
employed to regulate temperature and humidity parameters inside the
refrigerator. Arduino Uno, a versatile microcontroller, serves as the central
unit for controlling the refrigerator environment. Literature may discuss how
the Arduino Uno is programmed to receive data from sensors, process
information, and send commands to actuators, enabling real-time adjustments
based on the measured temperature and humidity levels. To achieve precise
control, reliable sensor technologies are paramount. They may elaborate on the
use of temperature and humidity sensors integrated into the refrigerator. The
choice of sensors and their placement within the refrigeration unit are
critical factors for accurate data acquisition. The sustainability of IoT-based
refrigerator control systems is often associated with energy efficiency. The
literature may discuss how the implemented system optimizes energy consumption,
potentially incorporating low-power modes during periods of inactivity or
leveraging energy harvesting techniques to reduce environmental impact. One of
the key advantages of IoT-based systems is the ability to monitor and control
appliances remotely. The study likely delves into how users can interact with
the refrigerator through web interfaces or mobile applications, allowing them
to adjust settings or receive alerts based on real-time data from the Arduino
Uno. Given the nature of IoT applications, security is a critical concern. They
discuss the security measures implemented in the system to ensure data
integrity, prevent unauthorized access, and safeguard user privacy,
particularly when accessing the refrigerator control system remotely. The
literature may highlight challenges encountered during the development and
implementation of the IoT-based refrigerator control system. Insights into
lessons learned and recommendations for overcoming hurdles provide valuable
information for researchers and practitioners seeking to adopt similar technologies.
In conclusion, the research conducted by M.K. I. Noraziz, E. M. M. Yusof, and
N. Yahya [2021] presents a significant contribution to the field of smart
refrigeration systems. The integration of IoT technologies and Arduino Uno for
temperature and humidity control not only enhances the efficiency of
refrigeration but also opens up possibilities for sustainable and remotely
managed appliances.
METHODOLOGY
BLOCK DIAGRAM
HARDWARE DEVELOPMENT
1. ESP
32
In this IoT-based temperature and humidity monitoring system, the ESP32 microcontroller serves as the central processing unit, orchestrating the integration of essential components. Connected to both a DHT11 sensor for precise environmental data collection and an LCD with I2C interface for user-friendly data display, the ESP32 functions as the brain of the operation. Leveraging its built-in Wi-Fi capabilities, the ESP32 ensures seamless connectivity to the internet, facilitating real-time data transmission and remote monitoring. With its ability to efficiently handle wireless communication, sensor data acquisition, and interface with the LCD, the ESP32 plays a pivotal role in creating a cohesive and effective hardware platform for monitoring and controlling environmental conditions.
Figure
3.0: ESP 32
2. DHT
11 SENSOR
The DHT11 sensor employed in this
IoT-based temperature and humidity monitoring system is a crucial component for
accurate environmental data acquisition. Designed to measure temperature and
humidity with a single integrated sensor, the DHT11 provides a cost-effective
solution for real-time monitoring. Its digital output simplifies interfacing
with the ESP32 microcontroller, enhancing the system's efficiency. The sensor
employs a thermistor and a humidity sensor to detect temperature and humidity,
respectively, and converts these measurements into a digital signal. With its
simplicity, reliability, and ability to operate within a specific range, the
DHT11 sensor plays a fundamental role in ensuring the precision of the gathered
environmental data, contributing to the overall effectiveness of the monitoring
system.
Figure
4.0: DHT 11 sensor
3.
LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY
I2C
LCD with I2C (LCD I2C) acts as a crucial
interface, enhancing the project's accessibility and usability. Connected to
the ESP32 microcontroller, the LCD I2C serves as a display unit for presenting
real-time temperature and humidity data from the DHT11 sensor. Its I2C
interface simplifies the wiring complexity, optimizing the use of GPIO pins on
the ESP32. This feature is particularly valuable, as it ensures that
temperature and humidity readings are visibly accessible even when the owner of
the Blynk app is not actively monitoring. In this way, the LCD I2C provides a
local, on-device means of checking environmental conditions, offering
redundancy in data presentation alongside the wireless connectivity enabled by
the ESP32 and Blynk app.
Figure 5.0: LCD I2C
1. BLYNK
APP
Users with iOS or Android smartphones can
control devices like the Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and NodeMCU remotely with the
help of the Internet of Things platform Blynk. This programme is used to create
a graphical user interface, or human machine interface (HMI), by compiling and
providing the necessary address on the accessible widgets. Blynk designed with
the Internet of Things in mind. It has several incredible capabilities,
including data storage, data visualisation, sensor data presentation, and remote
hardware control. This technique uses Blynk to send a phone notice and notify
when an email is received.
Figure
6.0: Blynk App
CODING
EXPLAINATION
Blynk
Configuration:
- These
lines define the Blynk template ID, template name, and authentication token for
your Blynk project.
- The BLYNK_PRINT directive sets the output stream for Blynk debug information to the Serial monitor
- These lines include the necessary libraries for the project functionality.
- The auth variable holds the Blynk authentication token.
- ssid and pass store the WiFi network name and password, respectively.
Blynk
Timer Setup :
- A BlynkTimer object.
DHT Sensor Configuration:
- The DHT sensor is configured with its pin and type (DHT11).
LCD
Configuration:
- An object of the LiquidCrystal_I2C class is created to interface with a 16x2 I2C LCD.
Temperature and Humidity Limits:
- Constants
are defined to set temperature and humidity limits.
Send
Sensor Function :
- The sendSensor function reads temperature and humidity from the DHT sensor.
- It
updates Blynk virtual pins (V0 and V1) with the sensor readings.
- The
function displays temperature and humidity on the LCD.
- If the temperature or humidity exceeds the defined limits, Blynk events are logged.
Setup
Function:
- The setup function initializes the LCD, Serial communication, Blynk, and the DHT sensor.
- A
timer is set to call the sendSensor function at regular intervals.
Loop
Function:
- The loop function continuously runs Blynk and the timer, allowing Blynk to handle communication and the timer to trigger the send Sensor function.
RESULT
TEMPERATURE AND MONITORING
NOTIFICATION
ALERT THROUGH BLYNK
NOTIFICATION
ALERT THROUGH EMAIL
DISCUSSION
The team's tenacity and problem-solving
abilities are demonstrated by the development of the Internet of Things-based
temperature and humidity monitoring system, which is documented through the
difficulties encountered and overcome. The team's inventiveness in borrowing an
DHT11 from friends in the face of a faulty one demonstrated their dedication to
advancement.
Later on, in the coding attempts turned into a
trial-and-error procedure, which demonstrated the team's will to overcome
difficulties. The team's constant perseverance in debugging and improving the
code is noteworthy and demonstrates their commitment to finishing the project.
This group adventure highlights the spirit of cooperation that permeates the
project and provides participants with a priceless opportunity to gain
expertise in handling unforeseen challenges. The team's ultimate success in
completing the project highlights their perseverance and flexibility, which are
essential for IoT development and shows that they are not willing to give up on
challenges.
Notifications via the Blynk app and
email are integrated, which provides an added layer of functionality and
guarantees that notifications are sent immediately through both channels in the
event that predefined limitations are exceeded. The accessibility of real-time
data is further improved by the capability to monitor temperature and humidity
on an LCD display, offering a complete solution for efficient environmental
monitoring. In-depth instructions are provided in the accompanying video, which
also explains how the Blynk app, LCD display, email notifications, and sensors
work together to maintain ideal conditions.
Throughout our project, a noteworthy
observation emerged as we delved into the intricacies of the IoT-based
temperature and humidity monitoring system. We identified an inverse
relationship between temperature and humidity levels. When the temperature
rises, humidity tends to decrease, and conversely, when humidity increases,
temperature tends to decrease.
This phenomenon is in line with the principles of meteorology and adds a layer of contextual understanding to our monitoring system. To accommodate this dual nature, our Blynk app integration features two distinct notifications—one for temperature alerts and another for humidity alerts. This separation ensures that users receive precise and differentiated information, acknowledging the nuanced dynamics between temperature and humidity, thereby providing a more comprehensive insight into environmental conditions.
Future
development
In future developments of IoT-based temperature and humidity monitoring systems using ESP32 and DHT11 sensors with LCD integration and Blynk app connectivity, areas for improvement include scalability for larger networks, optimizing energy efficiency to extend battery life, refining real-time data analytics, and enhancing user-friendly features like customizable alerts. Seamless integration with external systems, strengthened security measures, and remote device management are also crucial aspects. To further enhance performance, incorporating advanced sensors like the BME680 for additional environmental data or the DS18B20 for precise temperature readings, coupled with a focus on battery-saving mechanisms, will contribute to an efficient, comprehensive, and sustainable monitoring solution.
Conclusion
In the conclusion of our mini project, the IoT-based temperature and humidity monitoring system, featuring integration with the Blynk app for real-time monitoring, has not only met but exceeded its set goals. By leveraging Blynk app connectivity, the system not only offers instant monitoring capabilities but also provides timely alerts both through the app and email notifications if pre-defined limits are breached. This dual-notification mechanism ensures that users remain informed irrespective of their current engagement with the app. Throughout the course of this mini project, we successfully navigated and overcame various challenges, such as optimizing communication protocols, implementing secure email notifications, and fine-tuning the alert system for precision. The result is a seamlessly integrated system that not only achieves its core objectives but also showcases adaptability and resilience in the face of project complexities. This mini project underscores the effective utilization of IoT technologies, Blynk app integration, and robust alert mechanisms to create a reliable and user-friendly temperature and humidity monitoring solution.
REFERENCES
1) Yanshori, D.,
Nugraha, D. W., & Santi, D. (2022). loT-based temperature and humidity monitoring
system for smart garden. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and
Engineering. International Conference on Science in Engineering and Technology
(ICoSiET 2020).
2)
Taufik Akbar, Indra Gunawan, and Satria Utama. (2020). Prototype System of
Temperature and Humadity Automatic in Oyster Mushroom Cultivation using Arduino
Uno. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. The 5th Hamzanwadi International
Conference of Technology and Education 2019. chromeextension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1539/1/012036/pdf
3)Noraziz, M.K. I.,
Yusof, E. M. M., & Yahya, N. (2021). Iot-Based Temperature and Humidity
Control In A Refrigerator Using Arduino Uno. Malaysian Journal of Industrial
Technology, Volume 5, No.2, 2021.DOI/Publisher.
extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://mitec.unikl.edu.my/mjit/10.%202021%20Volume%205%20-%20Issue%202/6.%20IOT-BASED%20TEMPERATURE%20AND%20HUMIDITY%20CONTROL%20IN%20A%20REFRIGERATOR%20USING%20ARDUINO%20UNO.pdf
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